Views: 0 Author: PEAK Publish Time: 2023-06-28 Origin: Nongjitong
According to the published data of subsidies for agricultural machinery purchase, as of June 23, 2023, there are subsidies for agricultural waste treatment equipment in 7 provinces and autonomous regions in China, with a total of 1378 waste treatment equipment subsidies. This time, we will look at the classification of waste treatment equipment in the Plantation industry, the current types of subsidies and the amount of subsidies for various models, the number of subsidies in each province and autonomous region in the past two years, and why the residual film recycling machine has the greatest development potential, And a few personal suggestions.
1、 Plantation waste and its impact on agricultural production
1. Main wastes of Plantation industry
Plantation waste mainly includes farmland waste and crop waste. Agricultural waste mainly consists of residual film, discarded drip irrigation pipes, and other abandoned waste in the farmland; Crop waste refers to the abandoned crop residues in the field, such as crop straw and stubble, as well as abandoned vegetable leaves and roots.
These Plantation wastes left in the field will affect normal agricultural production. The most important Plantation waste is farmland residual film, which is called "white pollution" of agriculture. In some places, it has seriously endangered normal agricultural production.
The annual coverage area of plastic film in China is about 270 million acres, and the annual use of agricultural film is about 1.4 million tons. However, due to technical reasons and insufficient attention, the recovery rate of agricultural film is only 20% -40%. In this way, the amount of residual film in the soil increases year by year due to annual use.
2. Three hazards of residual film
Residual film left in the soil can cause the following three hazards.
First, a large amount of residual film remains in the soil, which changes the Soil structure and affects the normal renewal ability of the soil, thus affecting the fertility and water content of the soil.
The second is the residual film in the soil, which prevents the root system of crops from growing downwards through the residual film, resulting in the inability of crops to grow normally, thereby affecting crop yield.
The third is residual film based chemicals, which can cause certain chemical pollution if left in the soil for a long time. Especially the harmful substances in agricultural film, as well as harmful additives in the production process of agricultural film, will continue to accumulate over time, polluting crops and reducing their quality. People who consume such agricultural products and ingest harmful substances can affect their health.
2、 Classification of waste treatment equipment in Plantation industry and current subsidy varieties
1. Classification of Plantation waste treatment equipment
According to the new classification standard of agricultural machinery, waste treatment equipment for Plantation industry is the 18th category of agricultural machinery, which is divided into three categories: 1801 farm waste collection equipment, 1802 crop waste treatment equipment and 1850 other waste treatment equipment for Plantation industry.
The 1801 agricultural waste collection equipment subcategory is divided into two categories: 180101 residual film recycling machine and 180150 other agricultural waste collection equipment.
1802 crop waste treatment equipment subcategory, divided into 6 categories: 180201 straw fermentation fertilizer making machine, 180202 biomass gasification equipment (including biogas generation equipment), 180203 straw carbonization equipment, 180204 straw crushing (particle, rod) machine, 180205 crop wet waste treatment machine, and 180250 other agricultural waste treatment equipment.
The residual film recycling machine is a machine that cleans and recycles residual agricultural film from farmland. Generally, tractor traction is used for operation, consisting of mechanisms such as film lifting, conveying, film impurity separation, film collection, and film unloading. The residual film recycling machine can be divided into shovel type and comb type according to the structure of the film lifting components.
When the shovel type residual film recycling machine is working, the surface soil and root stubble containing the plastic film are picked up by the film scraper, sent to the separation drum to screen the soil and separate the root stubble, and the residual film is piled up.
When the comb type residual film recycling machine is in operation, the comb teeth loosen the soil and wrap the film. A pickup with a telescopic rod picks up the film and separates the soil, and the residual film is rolled into a roll through the film roller. Then, the film is unloaded by the film unloading device to finally complete the operation.
2. The types and amount of subsidies for waste treatment equipment in Plantation industry in China in the past two years
In the past two years, the waste treatment equipment subsidized by China in the Plantation industry are mainly residual film recycling machines and straw briquetting (pellet and stick) machines. The types and amounts of subsidies for Plantation waste treatment equipment vary from province to province. The following is a list of types and amounts of subsidies for waste treatment equipment in Plantation industry in Henan Province for reference.
(1) Residual film recycling machine
① 1-2 meter rake tooth rake film type residual film recycling machine, with more than 2 rows of spring teeth, with a subsidy of 900 yuan.
② 2-3 meter toothed film recycling machine with more than 2 rows of teeth, with a subsidy of 1300 yuan.
③ A 3-meter and above rake tooth rake film type residual film recycling machine with more than 2 rows of spring teeth, with a subsidy of 1700 yuan.
④ 1.2-2.0 meter paddle type or rake tooth rake tooth type or rotary tooth type residual film recycling machine, with a subsidy of 1800 yuan.
⑤ A subsidy of 4000 yuan will be given for a stick type or rake tooth rake tooth type or rotary tooth type residual film recycling machine of 2.0 meters and above.
⑥ A residual film recycling machine with a working width of 1.0-1.8 meters and a membrane separation mechanism and residual film collection mechanism, with a subsidy of 12000 yuan.
⑦ For residual film recycling machines with a working width of 1.8 meters or more and a membrane separation mechanism and residual film collection mechanism, a subsidy of 15000 yuan will be provided.
⑧ A working width of 1.2-1.8 meters with a membrane separation mechanism and a straw crushing function residual film recycling machine, with a subsidy of 21000 yuan.
⑨ A subsidy of 36000 yuan is provided for a working width of 1.8 meters or more with a membrane separation mechanism and a straw crushing function residual film recycling machine.
(2) Biomass gasification equipment
① 50-100 kW biogas generator set with a cylinder count of ≥ 4, with a subsidy of 17600 yuan.
② A biogas generator set with a capacity of 100-150 kW and a cylinder count of ≥ 6 will receive a subsidy of 24000 yuan.
③ 150-200 kW biogas generator set with a cylinder count of ≥ 8, with a subsidy of 30400 yuan.
④ A biogas generator set with a capacity of 200 kW or above, with a cylinder count of ≥ 12, will receive a subsidy of 36800 yuan.
(3) Straw crushing machine
① Straw crushing machine (pellet, stick), with a flat mold diameter of ≥ 200mm, with a subsidy of 800 yuan.
② Straw crushing machine (pellet, rod), with a ring mold diameter of 200-250mm and a motor power of ≥ 17 kW, with a subsidy of 1500 yuan.
③ Straw crushing (pellet, rod) machine, with a ring mold diameter of 250 millimeters or more, a motor power of ≥ 17 kilowatts, and a subsidy of 3500 yuan.
④ Straw briquetting (pellet, stick) machine, less than 1 ton/hour straw briquetting machine, with a subsidy of 3000 yuan.
⑤
Straw briquetting (pellet, stick) machine, 1-2 tons/hour straw briquetting machine, with a subsidy of 4000 yuan.
⑥ Straw briquetting (pellet, stick) machines with a capacity of 2 tons/hour or more will receive a subsidy of 6000 yuan.
The types and amounts of subsidies in other provinces and regions can refer to relevant local policy documents.
3、 Number of waste treatment equipment subsidized by provinces and regions in Plantation industry in China in the past two years
1. Number of waste treatment equipment subsidized by provinces and regions in Plantation industry in 2023
According to the publicity data of agricultural machinery purchase subsidies, as of June 23, 2023, 7 of the 38 agricultural machinery accounting provinces and regions in China have the publicity data of Plantation waste treatment equipment subsidies, with a total of 1378 sets of various Plantation waste treatment equipment subsidized, 990 of which will be purchased in 2023, and the rest will be purchased in the previous year.
From the perspective of variety, among the waste treatment equipment subsidized by Plantation industry in 2023, except for the straw briquetting (pellet, stick) machine (red words in the chart) subsidized by Hebei Province, others are residual film recycling machines.
From the distribution of provinces and regions, the subsidy quantity of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Gansu, and Ningxia exceeded 300 units, while the subsidy quantity of Xinjiang Autonomous Region exceeded 200 units, while the quantity of other provinces and regions was very small.
2. Number of waste treatment equipment subsidized by provinces and regions in Plantation industry in 2022
According to the publicity data of agricultural machinery purchase subsidies, 10 provinces and autonomous regions will have the publicity data of Plantation waste treatment equipment subsidies in 2022, and a total of 2503 sets of Plantation waste treatment equipment will be publicly subsidized, of which 1825 will be purchased in 2022, and the rest will be purchased in previous years.
From the perspective of variety, Xinjiang and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Gansu, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia, and Qinghai subsidize 2355 residual film recycling machines; Henan, Anhui, Liaoning, and Yunnan subsidize straw briquetting (pellet, rod) machines (highlighted in red in the chart), with a total of 148 units.
From the distribution of provinces and regions, the subsidy quantity of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps exceeded 1000 units, over 690 units in Xinjiang Autonomous Region, over 300 units in Gansu and Ningxia, and over 100 units in Henan. The quantity in other provinces and regions is very small.
4、 Sales volume, main problems and development suggestions of residual film recycling machines in recent years
It can be seen from the above data that the waste treatment equipment of Plantation industry in China is mainly subsidized by the residual film recycling machine, which is only popularized in a few provinces and regions and has not been popularized in the whole country. From this point of view alone, it can be considered that the residual film recycling machine has the most development potential.
1. Rapid development of residual film recycling machines
According to the announcement data of agricultural machinery purchase subsidies, China will subsidize 2355 residual film recycling machines in 2022, of which 1677 were sold that year. Combined with the data disclosed so far in 2023, 388 were sold in 2022, and there will be further announcements of subsidy data in 2022. It is estimated that the subsidy amount in 2022 may be around 2500 units.
According to data, the sales of residual film recycling machines in China were 1200 in 2018 and 2000 in 2020. Since 2018, the annual composite growth rate of residual film recycling machines has exceeded 27%. Perhaps due to the increasing use of biodegradable agricultural film, the sales growth rate of subsidy for residual film recycling machines has slowed down in recent years.
2. Some problems with residual film recycling machines
The main problems with residual film recycling machines are as follows.
Firstly, some residual film recycling machines have poor reliability in use. Some types of residual film recycling machines have key working components that are easily damaged due to high stress, which affects work efficiency.
Secondly, it is difficult to utilize the recycled residual film. The recycling of residual film is difficult due to its mixing with impurities such as soil and crop straw.
Thirdly, the recycling efficiency is low. Especially for the wrap type residual film recycling machine, only about 50% of the residual film can be recycled. In addition, for all current types of residual film recycling machines, it is impossible to recycle fine residual film.
3. Suggestions for the development of residual film recycling machines
The recycling of residual film involves the green and sustainable development of agriculture, and more importantly, it is related to people's food safety. Therefore, it is necessary to raise awareness and attach importance to this work. Below, a few immature personal developments are suggested for industry insiders to refer to.
One is to attract the attention of relevant departments in various regions. At present, only a few provinces and regions subsidize the public display of residual film recycling machines, and the larger number is limited to a few provinces and regions in the northwest region. There are many provinces and regions that use plastic film coverage, but the sales of residual film recycling machines are not subsidized, and some northern provinces and regions do not even include them in the subsidy scope.
The second is to develop a large multifunctional residual film recycling machine. At present, although there are many types of residual film recycling machines, there is a lack of large-scale, efficient, and high-performance products. With the development of tractors towards large-scale production, large-scale, efficient and high-performance excavation and cleaning residual film recycling machinery should be promoted in areas such as Xinjiang and agricultural reclamation.
The third is to innovate and develop new multi-functional residual film recycling machines. Utilize modern science and technology to innovate residual film recycling machinery. The current application of residual film recycling machines is mainly physical and mechanical. Innovative residual film recycling machines can be considered for applications in other disciplines.
Considering that the possibility of recycling and resource utilization of residual film is not high, I have a bold idea. If flame is used to combine residual film ablation with soil disinfection, during the soil plowing process, flame is used to barbecue and disinfect the soil. At the same time, residual film and straw debris in the soil, as well as pests and diseases in the soil, are melted by flame. In this way, a large and efficient multifunctional soil disinfection and cleaning machine has been innovated, which can not only remove large residual films, but also handle fine residual films, achieving multiple effects such as soil cleaning, disinfection, and pest control.
