Development Plan of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Mechanization in the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

The mechanization of agriculture and animal husbandry and agricultural machinery and equipment are the important basis for transforming the development mode of agriculture and animal husbandry and improving the productivity of rural and pastoral areas, and the important support for comprehensively promoting rural revitalization and accelerating the modernization of agriculture and animal husbandry rural and pastoral areas. This plan is prepared in accordance with the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and the Outline of Long-term Goals for 2035, the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan for Promoting the Modernization of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry, Rural and Pastoral Areas in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan for the Development of National Agricultural Mechanization.

Chapter I Planning Background

1、 Development results

During the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, the mechanization of agriculture and animal husbandry in our region entered a new stage of comprehensive, high-quality and efficient transformation and upgrading, and successfully completed the objectives and tasks set out in the "13th Five-Year Plan", providing a solid support for ensuring food security and the supply of important agricultural and livestock products, winning the battle against poverty, and building a well-off society in an all-round way. First, the structure of agricultural machinery and equipment has been continuously optimized. The total power of agricultural machinery in the region reached 40.566 million kilowatts, an increase of 6.6% over the end of the 12th Five-Year Plan; The number of tractors reached 1.225 million, including 391000 tractors with more than 30 horsepower and 34000 large tractors with more than 80 horsepower. The number of grain combine harvesters reached 42000, an increase of 40%; The number of UAVs for plant protection reached 1207, and agricultural machinery and equipment for animal husbandry and facility agriculture developed steadily. Second, the operation level of agricultural machinery was significantly improved. The comprehensive mechanization rate of crop cultivation and harvest in the region reached 86.1%, 4.7 percentage points higher than that at the end of the 12th Five-Year Plan. The comprehensive mechanization rate of wheat and rice cultivation and harvest is stable at more than 95%; The yield of corn and potato machines reached 87.7% and 88.8% respectively, 28.2 and 13.4 percentage points higher than that at the end of the 12th Five-Year Plan. 30 national demonstration counties (cities, districts) for the whole-process mechanization of major crop production were established, and Hulunbeier's integrated system basically realized the whole-process mechanization of major crop production. The harvesting and processing of forage has basically realized mechanization, and the mechanization rate of livestock breeding has reached 40.1%. Third, significant results have been achieved in the implementation of major policies. During the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, the district actively implemented major policies such as agricultural machinery purchase subsidies, agricultural machinery deep subsoiling and land preparation subsidies, and black land conservation farming actions, and implemented 6.28 billion yuan of agricultural machinery purchase subsidies, subsidized 369000 sets of agricultural and animal husbandry machinery, and benefited 316000 farmers and herdsmen. The subsidy fund for deep subsoiling and land preparation of agricultural machinery was 829 million yuan, which led to the completion of 760.69 million mu of deep subsoiling and land preparation in suitable areas of the whole region, and the subsidy fund for conservation tillage of black land was 280 million yuan, which led 32000 households in the four eastern league cities to participate in straw mulching and no-tillage seeding operations. Relying on the implementation of major policies, the transformation and upgrading of agricultural machinery and equipment have been accelerated, and agricultural quality and efficiency have been improved and ecological benefits have gradually emerged. Fourth, the scientific and technological level of agricultural machinery has been continuously improved. During the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, our district vigorously promoted green and efficient new machines and tools and new technologies, focused on the integration of mechanization and informatization, and promoted the application of new technologies such as animal networking, big data, Beidou navigation, etc. in agricultural machinery operation. Through the application of information technology such as Beidou terminal, the cumulative monitoring area of black land conservation tillage and deep subsoiling and land preparation is 7.589 million mu and 16.295 million mu respectively. The application of intelligent agricultural machinery technology such as unmanned aerial vehicle and plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle based on the operation process has been promoted. Fifthly, agricultural machinery service organizations have been growing. Through policy traction and project drive, we will support the development of new business entities such as agricultural machinery cooperatives. At the end of the "13th Five-Year Plan", there were 3095 specialized agricultural machinery cooperatives in the region and 33900 large agricultural machinery cooperatives with fixed assets of more than 200000 yuan, up 64.7% and 68% respectively compared with the end of the "12th Five-Year Plan". The revenue from agricultural machinery services reached 17.5 billion yuan, including 13.8 billion yuan from agricultural machinery operation services. The operating service area of agricultural machinery professional cooperatives was 36.915 million mu, and the proportion of agricultural machinery socialized services increased year by year. Sixth, the security situation of agricultural machinery is stable and improving. We will solidly promote the reform of "free management and service", and implement the free policy of agricultural machinery safety supervision and convenient measures for the people. Launch the three-year special rectification action for agricultural machinery safety production, pay close attention to source management, strengthen publicity and education, carry out in-depth inspection and rectification of agricultural machinery safety hazards, and firmly hold the bottom line of agricultural machinery safety production. During the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, 4 national-level "safe agricultural machinery" demonstration counties (cities) and 6 autonomous district-level "safe agricultural machinery" demonstration counties (cities) were established.

2、 Opportunities and challenges

（1） Development opportunities

The "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" period is the key period for Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region to fully implement the strategy of rural revitalization and realize the modernization of agriculture, animal husbandry, rural and pastoral areas. The mechanization of agriculture and animal husbandry has ushered in new development opportunities. First, the Party and the state attach great importance to promoting the mechanization of agriculture and animal husbandry.   Our district conscientiously implemented the decision and deployment of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, issued the "Implementation Opinions of the People's Government of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region on Accelerating the Promotion of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Mechanization and the Transformation and Upgrading of Agricultural Machinery and Equipment Industry", and defined a series of measures to promote agricultural and animal husbandry mechanization. Second, to ensure food security, mechanization of agriculture and animal husbandry is urgently needed. The mechanization degree and equipment level of agriculture and animal husbandry directly affect the safety of food production. How to solve the shortage of labor force in agriculture and animal husbandry and the rising cost of labor in agriculture and animal husbandry, and how to solve the problem of "who will plant the land, how to plant the land", the development of agriculture and animal husbandry mechanization has assumed a new mission and responsibility. Third, promote transformation and upgrading to effectively stimulate domestic demand for agricultural and animal husbandry mechanization. In recent years, various preferential policies for farmers have greatly mobilized the enthusiasm of farmers and herdsmen to purchase machinery. New technologies, new products, new services and new business forms of agricultural machinery have been emerging. The popularization and application of information, digital and intelligent technologies have been accelerated, which has injected endogenous impetus into promoting the overall and high-quality development of agricultural and animal husbandry mechanization and fully meeting the demand for mechanization in various fields of agricultural and animal husbandry production.

（2） Facing challenges

First, the overall development of agricultural and animal husbandry mechanization is not sufficient. The mechanization of main crop production has developed rapidly, but there are shortcomings in the mechanization of key links of some crop production, and the supply of high-end, duplex and intelligent agricultural machinery products is insufficient. The mechanization level of economic and characteristic crop production is not high. The development of animal husbandry mechanization is unbalanced and inadequate, and the supporting mechanization system of animal husbandry is still incomplete. The mechanization level of facilities agriculture, primary processing of agricultural and livestock products, fishery and other fields is low. Second, the integration of agricultural machinery, agronomy and mechanization information needs to be strengthened. Some industrial varieties, agronomic systems, planting and breeding methods, post-production processing and other problems that are not coordinated with mechanized production are obvious, affecting the research and development of agricultural machinery, the promotion and application effect, and the operation quality and efficiency. The integrated production system of mechanization and informatization has not yet met the needs of modern agriculture and animal husbandry. Third, the policy support and management services for agricultural and animal husbandry mechanization need to be improved. Compared with the surrounding provinces, our district has insufficient financial and financial support for the mechanization of agriculture and animal husbandry. The informatization level of agricultural and animal husbandry mechanization management services needs to be improved, and the safety supervision capacity of agricultural machinery needs to be further improved. After the institutional reform, the management personnel of agricultural and animal husbandry mechanization have been adjusted greatly, and the grass-roots talent team has broken down. The demonstration, promotion, appraisal, supervision and training of agricultural machinery can not fully meet the development needs of modern agricultural and animal husbandry.